Our Original Position Śrīla Prabhupāda and the Vaiṣṇava Siddhānta
Section One: The Siddhanta
<< 8. Brahmā-Vaivarta Purāṇa >>

After having examined śāstric references that philosophically establish that the living entity fell down from a personal relationship with Kṛṣṇa, we shall now turn to the question of whether śāstra gives historical accounts of this happening. The authors say, “There is no mention of fallen nitya-muktas in the scriptures.” (Leaves, p. 215) This is not quite true. Evidence for possible falldowns of nitya-muktas also comes from the story of how Lord Caitanya rescued his servant Kālā Kṛṣṇadāsa from the allurements of the Bhaṭṭathāris during the Lord’s tour of South India. In his discussions of that pastime, Śrīla Prabhupāda wrote that it is possible for a devotee to fall down from the Lord’s direct association.

"This is factual evidence showing that it is possible at any time to fall down from the Lord’s association. One need only misuse his little independence. Once fallen and separated from the Supreme Personality of Godhead’s association, one becomes a candidate for suffering in the material world."
(Cc. Madhya 10.65)

There are also some references about souls coming to the material world from the spiritual world. The story of Jaya and Vijaya is one example. Of course, this is a special case, but Śrīla Prabhupāda sometimes used it as an analogy for the fall of ordinary souls into the material world.

Finally, there is a narration in the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa in which two of the Lord’s intimate associates fall down to the material world. We give below the English translation,(156) followed by the Sanskrit text.

Tulasī
Brahmā-vaivarta Purāṇa 2.15.23-29


(23) tulasī uvāca
śrṇu tāta pravakṣyāmi yan me manasi vāñcitam
sarva-jñasyāpi purataḥ kā lajjā mama sāmpratam


"Tulasī said:”Listen, dear (lord), I shall declare that which is desired in my mind. Indeed, what shame do I have now before you who know everything?"

(24) ahaṁ ca tulasī gopī goloke 'haṁ sthitā purāa
kṛṣṇa-priyā kiṅkarī ca tad-aṁśā tat-sakhī-priyā


"And I am Tulasī. Formerly, I was situated as a gopī in Goloka, dear to Kṛṣṇa, a servant also, part and parcel of Him, dear to His girlfriends."

(25) govindena sahāsaktām atṛptāṁ māṁ ca mūrcchitām
rāseśvarī samāgatya dadarśa rāsa-maṇḍale


"In the circle of the rāsa dance, the mistress of the rāsa dance (Rādhārāṇī), approaching, saw me stunned, unsatiated, entwined together with Govinda."

(26) govindaṁ bhartsayām āsa māṁ śaśapa ruṣānvitā
yāhi tvaṁ mānavīṁ yonim ity evaṁ ca pitāmaha


"O grandfather, filled with anger, She rebuked Govinda and thus cursed me: ‘You! Go to a human birth!’"

(27) mām uvāca sa govinda mad-aṁśaṁ tvaṁ catur-bhujam
labhiṣyasi tapas taptvā bhārate brahmaṇo varāt


"Govinda said to me: ‘Having performed austerity in Bhārata, you shall attain My (plenary) part with four arms (Nārāyaṇa) by the boon of Brahmā.’"

(28) ity evam uktvā debeśo 'py-antar-dhānam cakāra saḥ
devyā bhiyā tanuṁ tyaktvā labdhaṁ janma mayā bhuvi


"Having spoken thus, He, the Lord of the gods, disappeared, abandoning (my) body out of fear of the goddess (Rādhā), I obtained birth on earth."

(29) ahaṁ nārāyaṇaṁ kāntaṁ śāntaṁ sundara-vigraham
sāmprataṁ labdhum icchāmi varam evaṁ ca dehi me

"Now I wish to attain Nārāyaṇa as my beloved, for He is peaceful and possesses a beautiful form. Give me such a boon."

...

(184) śrī bhagavān uvāca
śaṅkhacūḍasya vṛttāntaṁ sarvaṁ jānāmi padmaja
mad-bhaktasya ca gopasya mahā-tejasvinaḥ purā


The Supreme Lord said: “O lotus-born (Brahmā)! I know the entire story of Śaṅkhacūḍa, who formerly was My devotee, a cowherd of great splendor.

(185) surāḥ śṛṇuta tat sarvam itihāsaṁ purātanam
golokasyaiva caritaṁ pāpa-ghnaṁ puṇya-kāraṇam


"O gods! Listen to all of this ancient history, which actually reveals the character of Goloka and destroys sin, for it is a cause of piety.

(186) sudāmā nāma gopaś ca pārṣada-pravaro mama
sa prāpa dānavīṁ yoniṁ rādhā-śāpāt su-dāruṇāt


"O gods! Listen to all of this ancient history, which actually reveals the character of Goloka and destroys sin, for it is a cause of piety.

(187) tatraikadāham agamaṁ svālayād rāsa-maṇḍalam
vihāya māninīṁ rādhām mama prāṇādhikāṁ parām


"There [in Goloka] I once went from My home to the circle of the rāsa dance, leaving the proud Rādhā, My most important girlfriend, the greatest.

(188) sā māṁ virajayā sārddhaṁ vijñāya kiṅkarī-mukhāt
paścāt krudhā sa jagāma māṁ dadarśa ca trata ca


"Understanding from the mouth of a female servant that I was with Virajā, She was enraged and at last went and saw Me there.

(189) virajāṁ ca nadī-rūpām māṁ jñātvā ca tiro-hitam
punar jagāma sā rūṣṭā svālayaṁ sakhībhiḥ saha


"And recognizing Virajā in the form of a river, and Me who had disappeared, She again furiously went to Her home together with Her girlfriends.

(190) māṁ dṛṣṭva mandire devī sudāma-sahitaṁ purā
bhṛśam māṁ bhartsayām āsa maunī-bhūtaṁ ca su-sthiram


"Seeing Me in the house, already accompanied by Sudāmā, the goddess severely rebuked Me, and I became silent and very still.

(191) tac chrutvā ca su-mahāṁś ca sudāmā tāṁ cukopa ha
sa ca tāṁ bhartsayām āsa kopena mama saniidhau


"Hearing that, and being very great, Sudāmā became angry at Her. And he rebuked Her with anger in My presence.

(192) tac chrutvā sā kopa-yuktā rakta-paṅkaja-locanā
bahiḥ kartuṁ cakārājñāṁ santrastā mama saṁsadi


"Hearing that, She, filled with anger, Her lotus eyes red, made a command to banish (him), trembling all over in My company.

(193) sakhī-lakṣaṁ samuttasthau durvāraṁ tejasojjvalam
bahiś cakāra taṁ tūrṇaṁ jalpantaṁ ca punaḥ punaḥ


"A hundred thousand sakhīs rose up, irresistible, glowing with splendor, and quickly banished him as he argued again and again.

(194) sā ca tad vacanaṁ śrutvā samāruṣṭāṁ śaśāpa tam
yāhi re dānavīṁ yonim ity evaṁ cāruṇaṁ vacaḥ


"And hearing those words, She was fully enraged and cursed him with these harsh words: ‘Now go to a dānava womb!’

(195) taṁ gacchantaṁ śapantaṁ ca rudantaṁ māṁ
praṇamya ca vārayām āsa sā tuṣṭā rudantī kṛpayā punaḥ


"As he was going, calling out, crying and bowing down to Me, She was satisfied and, again crying with compassion, stopped him.

(196) he vatsa tiṣṭha mā gaccha yāsīti punaḥ punaḥ
samuccārya ca tat-paścat jagāma sā ca vismitā


"O child, stop! Don’t go! Where are you going?’ (She said) again and again. And calling out in this way, She went behind him perplexed.

(197) gopyaś ca ruruduḥ sarvā gopāś ceti su-duḥkhitāḥ
te sarve rādhikā cāpi tat-paścād bodhitā mayā


"The gopīs also cried, and all the gopas, for they were very aggrieved, all of them, and also Rādhikā, after that being made aware by Me.

(198) āyāsy atikṣaṇārddhena kṛtvā śāpasya pālanam
sudāman tvam ihāgacchet yuvā ca sā nivāritā


"(Rādhā said:) ‘Sudāmā, you will come back when half a moment has passed, having kept (the terms of) the curse.’ And (saying:) ‘May that young boy come back here!’ She was restrained.

(199) golokasya kṣaṇārdhena caika-manvantaraṁ bhavet
pṛthivyāṁ jagatāṁ dhātar ity evaṁ vacanaṁ dhruvam


"Yet ‘half a moment of Goloka would be one manvantara on the earth, O creator of the worlds.’ This statement is sure."

One may question the authority of the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, and so we provide here examples in which Śrīla Prabhupāda and other ācāryas quote verses from the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, and also statements in which they declare in various ways that the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa is indeed a bona fide and authoritative Vedic literature. Quotations are from Śrīla Prabhupāda’s books, lectures and conversations (©1991 by The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust).

Prabhupāda Quotes from the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa


a. From Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.7.11, purport:

"According to Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, Śrīla Śukadeva Gosvāmī was a liberated soul even within the womb of his mother."

b. From Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.18.12, purport:

"In the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, Viṣṇu tells Śiva that in the age of Kali, men full of anxieties of various kinds can vainly labor in fruitive activity and philosophical speculations, but when they are engaged in devotional service, the result is sure and certain, and there is no loss of energy."

c. From Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 7.2.60, purport:

"To keep oneself in the deepest darkness concerning spiritual knowledge and at the same time claim to be an Āryan is a non-Āryan position. In this connection, Śrīla Madhvācārya quotes as follows from the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa... The purport is that as long as we are in this human form of body, our duty is to understand the soul within the body."

d. From Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 9.6.7, purport:

"Quoting from the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said: ‘In this age of Kali, five acts are forbidden: the offering of a horse in sacrifice, the offering of a cow in sacrifice, the acceptance of the order of sannyāsa, the offering of oblations of flesh to the forefathers, and a man’s begetting children in his brother’s wife.’"

e. From Prabhupāda’s Lectures, Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, June 15, 1972, Los Angeles (speaking about the species of living entities, Śrīla Prabhupāda makes the following comment):

"In the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa it is said...

Prabhupāda: Hm. This is very important verse. You can repeat this. One may take it by heart... Repeat it. (Devotees say the verse.) So aśītim means 'eighty.' Aśītiṁ caturas. Caturas means 'four.' So eighty-four. Eighty plus four means eighty-four. Lakṣān. Lakṣān means hundreds of thousands. So eighty-four hundreds of thousands..."

Prabhupāda Quotes About the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa


a. From Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya-līlā 6.137, purport:

"The Ŗg Veda, Yajur Veda, Sāma Veda, Atharva Veda, Mahābhārata, Pañcarātra and original Rāmāyaṇa are all considered Vedic literature. The Purāṇas (such as the Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, Nāradīya Purāṇa, Viṣṇu Purāṇa and Bhāgavata Purāṇa) are especially meant for Vaiṣṇavas and are also Vedic literature."

b. From Prabhupāda’s Lectures, General, April 29, 1969, Boston:

"There are eighteen Purāṇas. Out of that, one Purāṇa is called Agni Purāṇa. And another Purāṇa is called Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa. So in these two Purāṇas, and many other Purāṇas also, this Hare Kṛṣṇa movement is there..."

c. From Prabhupāda’s Lectures, Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, June 15, 1974, Paris:

"For the sattva-guṇa, the Viṣṇu Purāṇa, Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa, Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa, Bhāgavata Purāṇa... Because knowledge has to be given to everyone, but according to his capacity."

d. From Room Conversation, Bhubaneswar, January 24, 1977:

"Prabhupāda: That will be nice. I was training, but they have not become so expert. As I am doing Bhagavad-gītā, Śrīmad..., they could do Padma Purāṇa, Viṣṇu Purāṇa, Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa in the same way, but our students are not so expert."


NOTAS

156Translation by H.D. Gosvāmī
157
ka ātmā kaḥ para iti dehādy-apekṣayā
na hi dehādir ātmā syān na ca śatrur udīritaḥ
ato daihika-vṛddhau vā kṣaye vā kiṁ prayojanam
yas tu deha-gato jīvaḥ sa hi nāśaṁ na gacchati
tataḥ śatru-vivṛddhau ca sva-nāśe śocanaṁ kutaḥ
dehādi-vyatiriktau tu jīveśau pratijānatā
ata ātma-vivṛddhis tu vāsudeve ratiḥ sthirā
śatru-nāśas tathājñāna-nāśo nānyaḥ kathañcana
158
aśvamedhaṁ gavālambhaṁ sannyāsaṁ pala-paitṛkam
devareṇa sutotpattiṁ kalau pañca vivarjayet
159
aśītiṁ caturaś caiva lakṣāṁs tāñ jīva-jātiṣu
bhramadbhiḥ puruṣaiḥ prāpyaṁ māunṣyaṁ janma-paryayāt
tad apy abhalatāṁ jātaḥ teṣām ātmābhimāninām
varākāṇām anāśritya govinda-caraṇa-dvayam
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