| | Sac-cid-ānanda | Eternal being, knowledge, and bliss. |
| | Sādhana-bhakti | Devotional service executed by regulative principles, as opposed to spontaneous love. |
| | Sadhu | Holyman or sage. |
| | Sahajiya | A type of impersonalist who takes things cheaply and mistakenly identifies the finite living entity with Krsna. |
| | Samadhi | Trance, absorption in Krsna consciousness. |
| | Sanatana Dharma | The eternal religion; devotional service. |
| | Sankarācharya | The great philosopher who established the doctrine of advaita (nondualism), stressing the impersonalnature of God and the identity of all souls with the undifferentiated Brahman. |
| | Śaṅkhya-Yoga | (1) Analytical discrimination [between spirit and matter, soul and body; (2) Devotional yoga taught in Srimad Bhagavatam by Lord Kapila, son of Devahuti. |
| | Saṅkīrtana-yajña | The congregational chanting of the names of God, the prescribed sacrifice for this age of Kali. |
| | Santi | Transcendental peace. |
| | Sanyāsa | The renounced order of life, the fourth as'rama in the vedic social system. |
| | Śāstra | Scripture. |
| | Sattvaguṇa | The material mode of goodness. |
| | Satyayuga | The age of goodness and wisdom, first of the four ages of the universe, characterized by virtue and religion. |
| | Siddhalōka | A higher planet inhabited by perfected yogis. |
| | Śiva | Qualitative incarnation of Krsna in charge of the mode of ignorance and responsible for the annihilation of the material universe; demigod worshipped commonly for material benedictions. |
| | Śloka | A sanskrit verse. |
| | Smṛti | Realization of sages, written in the Puranas and Vedic commentaries. They complement sruti. |
| | Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam | The scripture composed by Vyasadeva to explain and describe Krsna's pastimes. |
| | Śruti | The Vedas directly spoken by the Supreme Personality ofGodhead. |
| | Suddhasatva | Purified goodness above the three gunas. |
| | Śūdra | A member of the working class in the Vedic social system. |
| | Syamasundara | A name of the original form of Lord Krsna as manifest in the Vṛndāvana pastimes. |